The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.